Down Syndrome
By Nirva Vahia-Patel
3/21/21
Generally, humans are born with 46 chromosomes, 23 from each parent. In the case of some children, they are born with an extra chromosome, giving them 47. While the change may be small, only one added chromosome, the result is a child born with Down Syndrome.
Down Syndrome affects not only the physical aspect of a person— for example, growth— but the cognitive ability as well. The extra chromosome has effects on the whole body, from the brain to bone development. There is no treatment for Down Syndrome nor a “cure”. However, there are programs to help children and other people with Down Syndrome including speech therapy, education programs, physical therapy, etc.
Up until recently, people with Down Syndrome have been in the shadows, labeled as “special needs” and pushed aside. Individuals with Down Syndrome have rarely gotten representation in media or otherwise, and toxic, bitter age-old stigmas have been a cause for conflict. In the last few years, there have been more people with Down Syndrome becoming actors or models— notably, Lauren Porter from Glee and the folk singer Chris Burke. With the fight for representation in many minority groups, people with Down Syndrome are getting— though not fast enough— more of their needed representation in media.
Individuals with Down Syndrome can be diagnosed either prenatally or after birth. Prenatally, the diagnostic and screening tests only serve as a prediction to probability— while it can not be one hundred percent confirm, it can suspect and inform expecting parents. In prenatal expectation, a woman’s age plays a prominent role. For example, women over 35 often have an added risk of conceiving a child with down syndrome. The risk goes up as the woman ages. After birth, there are many pointing factors to a child with down syndrome— most notably, low muscle tone, an upward slant in the eyes, or a slightly flattened profile of the face. Babies born with these features are then tested in a chromosomal scan to confirm whether they have it.

